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Ofloxacin is the name of a broad-spectrum antibiotic. It belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones.

What is Floxin?

Ofloxacin is an antibiotic with a bactericidal effect. It is used to treat bacterial infections such as respiratory or urinary diseases.

Floxin belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones. Quinolones are also known as gyrase inhibitors and are divided into four generations in medicine. Ofloxacin belongs to the second generation and is suitable for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections and certain diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The antibiotic against bacterial eye infections can also be used.

The approval of Floxin in Europe took place in the 1980s. It was also approved as an eye product in the early 1990s. In Germany, it is sold under the product names Floxal® eye drops , Tarivid®, Uro-Tarivid® and Gyroflox®. In addition, several generics are available. Since the antibiotic is prescribed, it can only be purchased with a doctor's prescription.

Pharmacological effects

Ofloxacin has the ability to inhibit two enzymes that are vitally important to bacteria. These are the enzymes topoisomerase II (gyrase) and topoisomerase IV. The bacteria's DNA is a molecule in the form of a rope ladder. It is twisted in the cell nucleus. This twist is partially resolved so that the genetic information can be read. After this process, the DNA strand twists again, which requires the two enzymes topoisomerase II and IV.

The antibiotic Floxin, however, prevents enzymes from doing so. As a result, the genetic information cannot be read, which ultimately results in the death of the bacterial cell. In its bactericidal properties, ofloxacin acts faster than other antibiotics such as ciprFloxin or norfloxacin.

The absorption of ofloxacin into human blood is fluid. Then the active ingredient binds to about 25% of the plasma proteins. If taken orally, the antibiotic reaches its highest level in the blood after 30 to 60 minutes. The half-life is approximately 5 to 7 hours. The drug is barely metabolized. It is excreted from the body mainly by the kidneys. Floxin leaves the body approximately six hours after taking it.

Medical application and use

The fields of application of ofloxacin are diverse. So it serves you. at. for the treatment of urinary tract infections, inflammation of the bladder and kidneys. It is also suitable for the treatment of venereal diseases such as gonorrhea (gonorrhea).

Other indications are bacterial otitis media, infections of the mouth and throat, inflammatory runny nose, sinusitis, acute or chronic bronchitis and pneumonia.

In addition, the antibiotic is suitable for soft tissue inflammation, skin infections, bone infections, pelvic and abdominal infections, bacterial diarrhea and blood poisoning (sepsis). With reduced body defense, Floxin is given to protect against infection.

The antibiotic agent can also be applied locally in the form of eye drops or ophthalmic ointment. Thus, mainly superficial inflammations of the eye as well as the ocular appendages are treated. These diseases include barley seeds, chronic conjunctivitis (conjunctivitis), inflammation of the eyelid (blepharitis) and a combination of the two infections (blepharoconjunctivitis). To this end, ofloxacin was added to the list of essential medicines by the WHO (World Health Organization) in 2013.

Floxin is used orally in the form of tablets or in the form of ophthalmic ointment or eye drops. In severe cases, however, it can also be administered as an infusion to ensure a faster effect. The dose of antibiotic depends on the type and extent of the infection. Individual criteria such as kidney function and patient age also play an important role.

In the case of uncomplicated urinary tract infections, the patient usually receives 200 milligrams of ofloxacin, which is divided into two individual doses per day. Treatment usually lasts three days. In case of severe infection, the patient can also receive 400 milligrams twice a day.

In the event of an eye infection, the patient injects a drop of the agent into the affected eye four times a day. As an alternative, eye ointment can also be applied three times a day. The duration of treatment is a maximum of two weeks.

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Risks and side effects

Side effects are also possible through the use of Floxin. For most patients, this manifests itself in the form of gastrointestinal upset such as diarrhea, which can sometimes be bloody.

Other side effects may include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, headache, seizures, poor walking, tremors, drowsiness, problems with sleep, low blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, itching, rash and confusion. Jaundice, severe liver damage, and inflammation of the liver and kidneys rarely occur.

If the patient has serious side effects, a doctor should be consulted. When using ofloxacin on the eye, there may be mild eye pain or eye irritation.

If you are hypersensitive to Floxin or other gyrase inhibitors such as norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin, the antibiotic should not be used. This also applies to tendon disorders that have occurred with previous fluoroquinolone intake, urinary retention and seizures.

It is also not possible to use it on children and adolescents during the growth phase, because otherwise there is a risk of damage to the joint cartilage. In addition, the antibiotic should not be taken during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

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