Buy Ceclor Cd Online

Pharmacological action

Cephalosporin II generation antibiotic for oral administration of a broad spectrum of action. It has a bactericidal effect by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Acetylates transpeptidases linked to the membrane, thus disrupting the crosslinking of peptidoglycans, necessary to ensure the strength and rigidity of the cell wall.

Pharmacokinetics

Cefaclor is well absorbed from the digestive tract. Binding to plasma proteins is 25%. It is rapidly distributed in the body and reaches a therapeutic concentration in most tissues and body fluids. Penetrates through the placental barrier, excreted in breast milk. 85% of the administered dose is excreted unchanged in the urine for 8 hours.

Directions for use

Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to cefaclor: diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract (including pneumonia), urinary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infections; otitis media, sinusitis, infections of the bones and joints (including osteomyelitis), endometritis, gonorrhea.

Dosage schedule

Define individually, taking into account the severity and location of the infection, the sensitivity of the pathogen. When taken by adults, 250 to 500 mg 3 times / day. Children - 20 mg / kg / day; admission frequency - 3 times / day. The duration of treatment is 7-10 days.

Maximum doses: for adults - 4 g / day, for children - 1.5 g / day.

Side effect

From the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, transient increase in the activity of hepatic transaminases, cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis, pseudomembranous colitis.

Allergic reactions: rash, itching, eosinophilia; rarely - angioedema.

From the central nervous system: dizziness, headache.

From the hemopoietic system: with prolonged use at high doses, changes in the image of the peripheral blood are possible (leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia).

From the blood coagulation system: hypoprothrombinemia.

From the urinary system: interstitial nephritis.

Effects due to chemotherapeutic action: candidiasis.

Cons-indications

Hypersensitivity to cefaclor and other cephalosporins.

Pregnancy and breast feeding

The use of cefaclor during pregnancy is only possible in cases where the expected benefits to the mother outweigh the potential risk to the fetus.

If necessary, use during lactation should stop breastfeeding.

Use in renal failure

Use with caution in kidney failure.

Special instructions

Used with caution in case of renal failure, gastrointestinal diseases (colitis, UC) in the anamnesis.

In patients with hypersensitivity to penicillins, allergic reactions to cephalosporin antibiotics are possible.

During the use of cefaclor, it is necessary to control the prothrombin time and the bleeding time.

During the treatment period, a positive direct Coombs reaction and a false positive urine reaction to glucose are possible.

Pharmacological action

Cephalosporin II generation antibiotic.

Like all beta-lactam antibiotics, cefaclor inhibits the biosynthesis of the cell wall of propagating bacteria. The type of its action is bactericidal.

Like all first and second generation cephalosporins, cefaclor is only characterized by intermediate resistance to β-lactamases, but it is resistant to penicillinases.

Pharmacokinetics

Between 75% and 92% of the dose of cefaclor is absorbed mainly by the upper small intestine. After a single dose of fasting cefaclor at a dose of 250 mg, 500 mg and 1000 mg, the plasma Cmax was reached 60 minutes after administration and was approximately 7, 15 and 26 mg / L, respectively. In children receiving cefaclor fasting at 10 mg / kg and 15 mg / kg, the serum Cmax was approximately 10.8 mg / l and 13.1 mg / l, respectively. After 10 days of taking cefaclor, the body has not accumulated.

Although eating does not affect the degree of absorption (AUC), it does reduce the absorption rate, resulting in an increased time to reach Cmax and a 30% decrease in Cmax.

After 4 to 6 hours after administration, the active drug is generally not found in the plasma.

Distribution

Cefaclor is distributed in various tissues and physiological fluids. For example, a high concentration is reached in the prostate and in the bile. The binding to serum proteins is about 25%. The following are the concentrations of cefaclor in tissues and fluids of the human body at various time intervals after administration.

In a solution, cefaclor is chemically unstable and decomposes spontaneously in physiological fluids, for example in urine. Therefore, the degree of actual metabolic clearance is difficult to assess. The metabolized drug, if present, constitutes a very small fraction of the degradation products of cefaclor.

Excretion occurs mainly through the kidneys. For 8 hours after taking the kidneys, 50 to 70% of the dose in the form of a microbiologically active drug and up to 30% of the dose in the form of inactive decomposition products are excreted.

92% of the dose of radiolabelled cefaclor is excreted by the kidneys and 4% by the digestive tract.

The average T1 / 2 of the spasm is 45 min (29-60 min). It depends on the dose, i.e. after a single dose of a higher dose (for example, 500 mg or 1000 mg) T1 / 2 is slightly longer than after a single dose of lower doses.

The T1 / 2 of the serum is increased in renal failure, but when these patients take cefaclor 3 times / day, the drug does not accumulate in the body. In case of anuria, cefaclor T1 / 2 from the serum can take up to 3.5 hours and cefaclor is excreted during hemodialysis. Hemodialysis reduces the T1 / 2 of the serum by 25 to 30%. The apparent volume of distribution is approximately 26 liters. The renal clearance of cefaclor is in the range of 188 to 230 ml / min, and the total clearance is 370 to 455 ml / min.

The results of the pharmacokinetics study in children and adults are almost the same.

Indications of the drug Ceclor CD

For the treatment of acute and chronic infections of varying severity caused by microorganisms sensitive to cefaclor:

1. upper and lower respiratory tract infections;
2. ear, throat and nose infections, for example, inflammation of the middle ear, sinusitis, tonsillitis and pharyngitis;
3. kidney and urinary tract infections, including gonorrhea;
4. skin and soft tissue infections.

Dosage schedule

Inside. Adults and children over 10 years old - 0.25-0.5 g 3 times / day.

It is recommended to wash the capsules with a small amount of water.

For small children to designate as a suspension.

For children up to 1 month - the dose is not determined, from 1 month and over - 6.7-13.4 mg / kg every 8 hours or 10-20 mg / kg every 12 hours The maximum daily dose is 40 mg / kg, but not more than 1 g / day. The average duration of treatment is 7 to 10 days. Do not shorten the duration of the drug.

Preparation of suspension for oral administration.

Pour water into the bottle with granules to the mark and shake thoroughly. Once the foam is deposited, add water to the mark. The suspension is ready for use.

In the refrigerator, the prepared suspension of Ceclor CD is kept for 14 days.

Before each use, the contents of the bottle are carefully shaken.

The dose is measured with the attached measuring spoon.

Ceclor CD suspension can be taken with food, this does not affect the absorption of the drug.

1 teaspoon (5 ml) of Ceclor CD 125 mg / 5 ml suspension contains 125 mg of cefaclor In case of kidney disease, no change in the dose of Ceclor CD is required. With hemodialysis, T1 / 2 of the drug from the serum is reduced by 25-30%. If necessary, regular hemodialysis before the hemodialysis procedure, a loading dose of 250 mg to 1 g of cefaclor is recommended. Between hemodialysis procedures, the drug is used in the above doses.

Side effect

Allergic reactions: rash, itching, itching in the genital area, hives, eosinophilia, arthralgia, fever, shortness of breath, angioedema, conjunctivitis, fainting, erythema multiforme, malignant exudative erythema (Stevens-Johnson syndrome non-toxic epidermis ) Lyell syndrome), anaphylaxis.

From the nervous system: agitation, anxiety, insomnia, dizziness, paraesthesia, motor excitement, confusion, hallucinations, asthenia.

From the genitourinary system: vaginitis.

From the urinary system: impaired renal function, interstitial nephritis, dysuria, nocturia.

From the digestive system: loss of appetite, dyspepsia (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, constipation), pseudomembranous enterocolitis, abdominal pain, hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice.

From hemopoietic organs: hypoplastic anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, bleeding. From the cardiovascular system: increased blood pressure. Laboratory indicators: hyperazotemia, increased urea concentration, hypercreatininaemia, increased activity of liver transaminases, hyperbilirubinaemia.

Other: candidomycosis, secondary infection, increased sweating.

Cons-indications

• age of children up to 3 years (capsules);
• hypersensitivity (including other beta-lactam antibiotics).

With caution: severe allergic diseases, history of bronchial asthma; chronic renal failure, leukopenia, hemorrhagic syndrome; acute gastrointestinal diseases, accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea; diabetes mellitus (presence of sucrose); hereditary fructose intolerance, lack of glucose-galactose absorption, insufficiency of sucrose-isomaltase (granules for the preparation of a suspension for oral administration of 125 mg / -250 mg); pregnancy, breastfeeding.

Pregnancy and breast feeding

The use of the drug during pregnancy is only possible if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.

Cefaclor is excreted in breast milk, so if you need to prescribe the drug during lactation, you should stop breastfeeding.

Use in renal failure

Precautions: chronic renal failure.

In kidney disease, dose changes of Ceclor CD are not necessary. With hemodialysis, T1 / 2 of the drug from the serum is reduced by 25-30%. If necessary, regular hemodialysis before the hemodialysis procedure, a loading dose of 250 mg to 1 g of cefaclor is recommended. Between hemodialysis procedures, the drug is used in the above doses.

Use in children

The capsules are contraindicated in children under 3 years of age.

For small children to designate as a suspension.

For children up to 1 month - the dose is not determined, from 1 month and over - 6.7-13.4 mg / kg every 8 hours or 10-20 mg / kg every 12 hours The maximum daily dose is 40 mg / kg, but not more than 1 g / day. The average duration of treatment is 7 to 10 days. Do not shorten the duration of the drug.

Special instructions

If you miss a dose, you should take the medicine as soon as possible. If you miss several doses, you should consult a doctor to identify any possible worsening of the patient's condition as soon as possible.

Do not stop taking the drug prematurely, as a relapse of the disease is possible.

During treatment, a false positive direct Coombs reaction and a false positive urinary glucose reaction are possible.

When hypersensitivity reactions occur, stop taking the medicine and take appropriate emergency measures, such as iv administration of norepinephrine, antihistamines or GCS.

Overdose

Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

Treatment: activated carbon, providing the necessary ventilation and perfusion, monitoring and maintaining blood gases and serum electrolytes at the required level. Hemodialysis is not effective.

Drug interaction

• Improves the effect of indirect anticoagulants Improves (mutually) the nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides, polymyxins, phenylbutazone.
• Aminoglycosides, metronidazole, polymyxins, rifampicin increase the antibacterial effect, weaken chloramphenicol, tetracyclines. Antacids containing magnesium or aluminum hydroxide slow the absorption rate of the drug.
• Histamine H2 receptor blockers (cimetidine, ranitidine, nizatidine, roxatidine, famotidine) do not affect the rate and extent of absorption. Tubular secretion blockers delay the elimination of cefaclor by the kidneys.