Increased antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family, in particular Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp., Est very worrying, especially given the gradual increase in their share in the etiology of nosocomial infections.. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to assess the effect of resistance to fluoroquinolones on mortality in nosocomial infections.

Among nosocomial infections, urinary tract infections (67.9%) and blood flow (13.0%) predominated. Out of 123 patients with fluoroquinolone-resistant infections, 16 (13.0%) died, compared with 4 (5.7%) of 70 patients with infections sensitive to this class of antibiotics (odds ratio [OS] 2 , 47; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75-10.53). After standardization by risk factors and elimination of interfering factors, a link was maintained between resistance to fluoroquinolones and mortality (SST standardized 4.41; 95% CI 1.03-18.81). Patients with fluoroquinolone-resistant infections were significantly less likely to receive active antimicrobial therapy for the pathogen in the first 24 and 48 hours (p = 0.002 and p less than 0.001, respectively). In this group of patients, the average time from when to take microbiological research material to the start of adequate antimicrobial therapy was 51 hours, while with the sensitivity of the pathogen, the delay was only 16 hours. , which emphasizes the importance of early initiation of effective therapy.

Thus, patients with nosocomial infections caused by E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains resistant to fluoroquinolones have a higher mortality rate, which can be explained partly due to the delay in initiating adequate antimicrobial therapy.