New approaches to the prevention and treatment of travelers' diarrhea

Travelers' diarrhea is an important area of scientific research and research, as this disease affects millions of tourists each year and causes global economic damage. Over 60% of travelers' diarrhea is caused by various bacterial enteropathogens - Escherichia coli, Shigella, Campylobacter, Salmonella , Aeromonas, Plesiomonas and non-cholera vibrios. Noroviruses (RNA-containing viruses of the Calicivirida family) are also a major cause of gastrointestinal illness in travelers. Recent studies have identified genetic risk factors that are present in some people and are associated with increased sensitivity to the development of certain travelers' diarrhea (or specific pathogens).

Particular emphasis is placed on preventive measures, since in all patients suffering from travelers' diarrhea, the handicap persists for approximately 24 hours and 5 to 10% of people suffer from chronic functional intestinal disorders.

The poorly absorbed rifaximin preparation provides protection on trips and trips of less than 2 weeks. A vaccine against travelers' diarrhea is under development. Anyone planning a trip to developing regions is advised to have one of the three available medications that have been shown to be effective in self-treatment for travelers' diarrhea - ofloxacin (or levofloxacin), rifaximin or azithromycin - depending on the place of travel. When developing new strategies and approaches to prevent the treatment of travelers' diarrhea over the next decade, it is necessary to take into account global epidemic changes in both the etiological structure and the state of resistance antibiotics of pathogens.